The Storyteller’s Nostos: Recreating Scheherazade and Odysseus in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go
Abstract
This article studies the account of Kathy H., protagonist of Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go (2005), as the confluence of narratives through which an individual and her community construct their identity based on the remembrance of the events that have marked their lives, as well as on the literary texts and cultural conventions that have served as the archetypes upon which the narratives of their lives are built. Two paradigmatic figures stand out in Kathy’s story: Odysseus, the lost seafarer endeavouring to return home, and Scheherazade, the artful storyteller of the Arabian Nights. From this perspective, Kathy’s recollection constitutes her attempt to return to the mythic place that Hailsham has come to represent for clones that, unable to be carried out on physical terms, induces her to find alternative means to recover it through memory and storytelling. As a result, she constitutes a replication of Scheherazade, adapting this figure to her dystopian and postcolonial context in a narration that explores the interplay between memory, fiction and identity.Keywords: Kazuo Ishiguro; Scheherazade; Ulysses; storytelling; un-belonging; memoryReferences
Ballaster, Ros. 2013. “The Sea-Born Tale: Eighteen-Century English Translations of The Thousand and One Nights and the Lure of Elemental Difference.” In Scheherazade’s Children: Global Encounters with the Arabian Nights, edited by Philip F. Kennedy and Marina Warner, 27-52. New York and London: New York UP.
Bartlett, Frederic Charles. 1932. Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Benjamin, Walter. (1955) 1968. Illuminations. Translated by Harry Zohn and edited by Hannah Arendt. New York: Schocken Books.
Bonifazi, Anna. 2009. “Inquiring into Nostos and Its Cognates.” The American Journal of Philology 130 (4): 481-510.
Boyd, Barbara Weiden. 2014. “‘One Equal Temper of Heroic Hearts’: Nostos, Home, and Identity in the Odyssey and Mad Men.” In Hunter Gardner and Sheila Murnaghan, eds., 192-212.
Boym, Svetlana. 2001. The Future of Nostalgia. New York: Basic Books.
Brah, Avtar. 1996. Cartographies of Diaspora: Contesting Indentities. London and New York: Routledge
Carroll, Alicia. 1999. “‘Arabian Nights’: ‘Make Believe,’ Exoticism, and Desire in
Daniel Deronda.” Journal of English and Germanic Philology 98 (2): 219-238.
Casey, Edward S. 1993. Getting Back into Place: Towards a Renewed Understanding of the Place-World. Bloomington: Indiana UP.
Dickinson, Hilary and Michael Erben. 2006. “Nostalgia and Autobiography: The Past in the Present.” Auto/Biography 14: 223-244.
Drąg, Wojciech. 2014. Revisiting Loss: Memory, Trauma and Nostalgia in the Novels of Kazuo Ishiguro. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars.
Enderwitz, Susanne. 2004. “Shahrazâd Is One of Us: Practical Narrative, Theoretical Discussion, and Feminist Discourse.” Marvels & Tales 18 (2): 187-200.
Freeman, John. 2008. “Never Let Me Go: A Profile of Kazuo Ishiguro.” In Conversations with Kazuo Ishiguro, edited by Brian W. Shaffer and Cynthia F. Wong, 194-198. Jackson, MS: U of Mississippi P.
Gardner, Hunter and Sheila Murnaghan, eds. 2014. Odyssean Identities in Modern Cultures: The Journey Home. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State UP
Ghazoul, Ferial J. 1996. Nocturnal Poetics: The Arabian Nights in Comparative Context. Cairo and New York: The American University in Cairo Press.
Giannopoulou, Zina. 2014. “Dislodging Home and Self in Zachary Mason’s The Lost Books of the Odyssey.” In Hunter Gardner and Sheila Murnaghan, eds., 240-261.
Gill, Josie. 2014. “Written on the Face: Race and Expression in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go.” Modern Fiction Studies 60 (4): 844-862.
Gilmore, Leigh. 2001. The Limits of Autobiography: Trauma and Testimony. Ithaca, NY and London: Cornel UP.
Goh, Robbie B. H. 2011. “The Postclone-nial in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go and Amitav Ghosh’s The Calcutta Chromosome: Science and the Body in the Asian Diaspora.” Ariel: A Review of International English literature 41 (3-4): 45-71.
Grotzfeld, Heinz and Sophia Grotzfeld. 1984. Die Erzählungen aus “Tausendundeiner Nacht”. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
Irwin, Robert. 1994. The Arabian Nights: A Companion. London: Allen Lane and The Penguin Press.
Ishiguro, Kazuo. 2005. Never Let Me Go. London: Faber.
Jones, Stephanie. 2005. “Emboldening Dinarzad: The Thousand and One Nights in Contemporary Fiction.” In New Perspectives on the Arabian Nights: Ideological Variations and Narrative Horizons, edited by Wen-Chin Ouyang and Geert Jan van Gelder, 115-133. London and New York: Routledge.
Karahasan, Dzevad. 2002. Das Buch der Garten: Grenzgänge zwischen Islam und Christentum. Frankfurt and Leipzig: Insel.
Khan, Jalal Uddin. 2012. “The Arabian Nights: Tales of Perennial Appeal.” The IUP Journal of English Studies 7 (3): 34-44.
Laub, Dori. 1992. “Bearing Witness, or the Vicissitudes of Listening.” In Testimony: Crises of Witnessing in Literature, Psychoanalysis and History, by Shoshana Felman and Dori Laub, 57-74. New York: Routledge.
Murnaghan, Sheila. 2014. “The Missadventure of Staying Home: Thwarted Nostos in De Chirico and Rebecca West.” In Hunter Gardner and Sheila Murnaghan, eds., 112-132.
Murnaghan, Sheila and Hunter Gardner, eds. 2014. “Introduction.” In Hunter Gardner and Sheila Murnaghan, eds., 1-18.
Nights = The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night. Edited and translated by Richard F. Burton (ten volumes). The Burton Society, 1885-1888. Burtoniana. Sir Richard Francis Burton: 1821-1890. [Accessed online on February 23, 2018].
Odyssey = The Odyssey of Homer. Translated by Samuel H. Butcher and Andrew Lang. New York: P.F. Collier & Son ([1906] 1965).
Pache, Corinne. 2014. “‘Go Back to Your Loom Dad’: Weaving Nostos in the Twenty-First Century.” In Hunter Gardner and Sheila Murnaghan, eds., 44-63.
Reuter, Victoria. 2014. “A Penelopian Return: Desire, Recognition, and Nostos in the Poems of Yannis Ritsos and Gail Holst-Warhaft.” In Hunter Gardner and Sheila Murnaghan, eds., 89-111.
Summers-Bremner, Eluned. 2006. “‘Poor Creatures’: Ishiguro’s and Coetzee’s Imaginary Animals.” Mosaic 39 (4): 145-160.
Walder, Dennis. 2011. Postcolonial Nostalgias. Writing, Representation and Memory. Abingdon: Routledge.
Wilde, Oscar. (1891) 2001. “Preface.” In The Picture of Dorian Grey, 3-4. Ware, Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Classics.
Yuval-Davis, Nira. 2006. “Belonging and the Politics of Belonging.” Patterns of Prejudice 40 (3): 197-214.
The authors retain copyright of articles. They authorise AEDEAN to publish them in its journal Atlantis and to include them in the indexing and abstracting services, academic databases and repositories the journal participates in.
Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), for non-commercial (i.e., personal or academic) purposes only, users are free to share (i.e., copy and redistribute in any medium or format) and adapt (i.e., remix, transform and build upon) articles published in Atlantis, free of charge and without obtaining prior permission from the publisher or the author(s), as long as they give appropriate credit to the author, the journal (Atlantis) and the publisher (AEDEAN), provide the relevant URL link to the original publication and indicate if changes were made. Such attribution may be done in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the journal endorses the user or their use of the material published therein. Users who adapt (i.e., remix, transform or build upon the material) must distribute their contributions under the same licence as the original.
Self-archiving is also permitted, so that authors are allowed to deposit the published PDF version of their articles in academic and/or institutional repositories, without fee or embargo. Authors may also post their individual articles on their personal websites, again on condition that the original link to the online edition is provided.
Authors are expected to know and heed basic ground rules that preclude simultaneous submission and/or duplicate publication. Prospective contributors to Atlantis commit themselves to the following when they submit a manuscript:
- That no concurrent consideration of the same, or almost identical, work by any other journal and/or publisher is taking place.
- That the potential contribution has not appeared previously, in any form whatsoever, in another journal, electronic format or as a chapter/section of a book.
Seeking permission for the use of copyright material is the responsibility of the author.